| Basic coding frame | Derived coding frame | |
|---|---|---|
| V 1 jiʔį̄+2 | → | yV' 2 |
Alternation occurs: Regularly
| (4) |
na! y-aku-a!&7 suwe -V7 la_ka! Ná yakoǭʔ suweeʔ lāká. ná NEG y-aku=ą̄ʔ CPL-eat=1SG suwe=Vʔ egg=DEM lāká yesterday I did not eat eggs yesterday. Comment: The subject is a pronominal clitic. |
| (5) |
jwaa -V! nk-a_=ta_na! -yu y-aku -yu pasti!ya_ Jwāá nkātāná yu yaku yu pastíyā. jwaā=V́ Juan=DEM n-kā-tāná=yu CPL-be-poisoned=3SG.M y-aku=yu CPL-eat=3SG.M pastíyā pill Juan got poisoned because he ate pills. Comment: The target verb is in a dependent clause that is not overtly marked as dependent. |
| (6) |
nu chu jwaa_ le!e_ kena7a& nkwi-ti!tz_u7 y-aku -yu nku-tu!kwa_ tu7wa -yu Nu chu Jwaā léē kenaʔa nkwītítzūʔ yaku yu nkutúkwā tuʔwa yu. nu NOM chu NOM.HUM jwaā Juan léē very kenaʔa many nkwītítzūʔ pineapple y-aku=yu CPL-eat=3SG.M nku-túkwā CPL-chafe tuʔwa=yu mouth=3SG.M Juan ate too much pineapple and his mouth got raw (chafed). |
| (7) |
nt-aku -na ji7i_&. nte-7ne=lya_la! ji7i_& ti_ke! -na Ntaku na jį̄. nt-aku=na HAB-eat=1PL.INCL jiʔį̄ RN(.3) We eat it. |
| (11) |
y-aku chu!7 ku_na!7a -V! ji7i_& cha=jlya_ -V! Yaku chúʔ kūnáʔaá jiʔį̄ chajlyāá. y-aku CPL-eat chúʔ 3SG.F kūnáʔa=V́ female=DEM jiʔį̄ RN cha-jlyā=V́ tortilla-Castille=DEM The girl ate the bread. |
| (165) |
Ná ntyōtíʔya wala ntētúʔu tejeʔ nu ntakuya nī. ná NEG n-tyō-tīʔ=ya HAB-?-living.core=1PL.EXCL wala where ntē-túʔu PRG-leave tejeʔ salt nu NOM nt-aku=ya HAB-eat=1PL.EXCL nī now We don't know where the salt we eat now comes from. |
| (8) |
kii nii_ ch-a!ku na chaja -V! ja_ kena7a ti_ na chaja -V! n-to_=ne_7e! Kii niī cháku na chajaá jā kenaʔa tī na chajaá ntōnēʔé. kii tomorrow niī now ch-áku POT.ITRN-eat na ART chaja=V́ tortilla=DEM jā CONJ kenaʔa many tī EMPH na ART chaja=V́ tortilla=DEM n-tō-nēʔé STAT-TRN.be.inside-gather(.3) Tomorrow those tortillas will be eaten, because there are many of those tortillas piled up. |
| (9) |
jwa_ -V! na! nka-s-ata& ji7i_& na kwichi_ -V! ja_ ch-a!ku nu_wa! Jwāá ná nkasatą jnā kwichīí jā cháku nūwá. jwaā=V́ Juan=DEM ná NEG nka-s-atą CPL.CAUS-TRN-peel(.3) jiʔį̄ RN na ART kwichī=V́ rabbit=DEM jā CONJ ch-áku POT.ITRN-eat nu NOM wá DEM Juan did not skin the rabbit for it to be eaten. |
| (10) |
Nkyáku na chajlyāaʔ. nk-y-áku CPL-ITRN-eat na ART cha-jlyā=Vʔ tortilla-Castille=DEM The bread got eaten. |
