gajyeooda (가져오다)

Complex verb

Verb meaning: BRING [bring]

Comment: BRING in Korean is expressed through a complex predicate of which the composition of its meaning is similar to that of what has been classified as serial verbs in West African or Pacific Languages: The first component, gaji- means 'get, take, possess', whereas the second component is a directional motion verb, ga- 'go' or o- 'come' which varies on the narrative perspective. o- is used when a movement is carried out towards the speaker or towards the point from which the speaker's perspective is taken. ga- is used when the movement of bringing is carried out away as seen from the speaker's perspective (including a movement away from the speaker himself/herself). Since gajyeooda and gajyeogada seem to differ in their coding patterns, two different entries have been created for the meaning of BRING in Korean. Animate recipients are marked with dative case. Locations and directions are marked with locative and (albeit more restrictedly) directional case, and it remains to be elucidated which coding frame should be regarded the basic one for this verb.

Examples: see at the bottom

Basic coding frame

Schema: 1-nom 2-acc LOC3 V

# Microrole Coding set Argument type
1 bringer NP-nom A
2 brought thing NP-acc P
3 bringing recipient LOC X
Examples for basic coding frame:
(238)

아이가 내게 선물을 가져왔다.
Aiga naege seonmureul gajyeowatta.
ai-ga
child-NOM
na-ege
1SG-DAT
seonmul-eul
gift-ACC
gaji-eo
take-CONV
o-ass-da
come-PST-DECL
The child brought me a present.

Alternations

Alternation Derived coding frame Alternation class Occurs Comment # Ex.

Examples

(239)

아이가 우리 집에 선물을 가져왔다.
Aiga uri jibe seonmureul gajyeo watta.
ai-ga
child-NOM
uri
1PL
jib-e
house-LOC
seonmul-eul
gift-ACC
gaji-eo
take-CONV
o-ass-da
come-PST-DECL
The child brought a gift to our house.

Comment: Dative case is only possible with animate recipients.