Language: Zenzontepec Chatino
Contributors: Eric Campbell
Complex verb
Verb meaning: THROW [throw]
Comment: /nka-u-nēʔé/; CPL-CAUS-throw; There is no basic verb (anymore, or that I have found) containing solely the root without the u-causative prefix. However, the root -nēʔé is found elsewhere as a bound root in compounds, most notably the verb -to-nēʔé 'to be gathered', which is a positional verb. In that verb the -to-element is probably a reduced form of t-uʔu or tukwa 'be inside', so it appears that the -nēʔé adds the 'gathered' meaning in that case. Any semantic relation between 'gather' and 'throw' is not very clear to me.
Schema: V 1 jiʔį̄+2 jiʔį̄+3
| # | Microrole | Coding set | Argument type |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | thrower | Ø | A |
| 2 | thrown thing | jiʔį̄+NP | P |
| 3 | throwing goal | jiʔį̄+NP | P |
| (140) |
"Jā na kūʔwíí nkaʔne lō jiʔį́" nakwę lēʔ nkānēʔéūʔ jnuwę̄ʔ naneʔē. jā CONJ na ART kūʔwí=V́ drunk=DEM nka-ʔne CPL-do loō like.so jiʔį́ RN.2SG nakwę say(.3) lēʔ then nkā-nēʔé=ūʔ CPL.CAUS-throw=3PL jiʔį̄ RN nu NOM wiʔ DEM nanēʔ stomach "That drunk there did this to you", he said, and they threw him in the jail. |
| (142) |
Laaʔ tī tu walari kukwą̄ kee kūnēʔé jį̄. laaʔ like.so tī COND tu IRR wala=ri where=only k-ukwą̄ POT-grab kee rock k-ū-nēʔé POT-CAUS-throw jiʔį̄ RN(.3) They can grab rocks and throw them wherever. |
| Alternation | Derived coding frame | Alternation class | Occurs | Comment | # Ex. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
