Alternation ‘gerundive-like construction’ (Coded)

A present participle is used with a passive and often necessity-colored meaning as the Latin gerundive. There are no studies so-far that mention this construction as a calque from Latin, as far as I am concerned. The same is possibly valid for a number of nouns in -nde in Swedish, which also have a passive reading (e.g. meddelande 'message', i.e. 'that was/needs to be sent' and not 'sending').

Verb Meaning Verb form Basic coding frame Derived coding frame Occurs Comment # Ex.