the Old Irish passive is always desubjective for deictic persons (1st and 2nd persons are coded as object pronouns); fourth argument (beneficiary) promoted to subject, i.e. passive corresponding to the applicative alternation. Probably restricted to pronouns as beneficiaries
| Verb Meaning | Verb form | Basic coding frame | Derived coding frame | Occurs | Comment | # Ex. | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|