Alternation ‘Werdan passive’ (Coded)

The subject might be expressed by a prepositional phrase von + 2-dat (or by the dative alone), whereas the verb is preceded by an auxiliary, which can be either wesan 'be' or werdan 'become'. Contrarily to modern German, where the opposition between the sein- and the werden-Passiv results in a "state vs. process" alternation, in Old High German they both create a resultative construction where the former auxiliary expresses the "existence of the state", whereas the latter the "occurrence of the state" (Kuroda 1997)